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248 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
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/ \,,_ .'|
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,{{| /}}}}/_.' _____________________________________________
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}}}}` '{{' '. / \
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{{{{{ _ ;, \ / Ladies and Gentlemen, \
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,}}}}}} /o`\ ` ;) | |
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{{{{{{ / ( | this is ... |
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}}}}}} | \ | |
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{{{{{{{{ \ \ | |
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}}}}}}}}} '.__ _ | | _____ __ __ _ |
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{{{{{{{{ /`._ (_\ / | / ___/__ ______ / /_____ ______/ /_(_)____ |
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}}}}}}' | //___/ --=: \__ \/ / / / __ \/ __/ __ `/ ___/ __/ / ___/ |
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jgs `{{{{` | '--' | ___/ / /_/ / / / / /_/ /_/ (__ ) /_/ / /__ |
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}}}` | /____/\__, /_/ /_/\__/\__,_/____/\__/_/\___/ |
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| /____/ |
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\_____________________________________________/
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- - -
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1\. [Introduction](#introduction)
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2\. [Installation](#installation)
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3\. [FAQ](#faq)
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4\. [Other resources](#otherresources)
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- - -
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<a name="introduction"></a>
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## 1\. Introduction
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Syntastic is a syntax checking plugin for Vim that runs files through external
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syntax checkers and displays any resulting errors to the user. This can be done
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on demand, or automatically as files are saved. If syntax errors are detected,
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the user is notified and is happy because they didn't have to compile their
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code or execute their script to find them.
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At the time of this writing, syntax checking plugins exist for ActionScript,
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Ada, AppleScript, AsciiDoc, ASM, BEMHTML, Bourne shell, C, C++, C#, Chef,
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CoffeeScript, Coco, Coq, CSS, Cucumber, CUDA, D, Dart, DocBook, Dust, Elixir,
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Erlang, eRuby, Fortran, Gentoo metadata, GLSL, Go, Haml, Haskell, Haxe,
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Handlebars, HSS, HTML, Java, JavaScript, JSON, LESS, Lex, Limbo, LISP,
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LLVM intermediate language, Lua, MATLAB, NASM, Objective-C, Objective-C++,
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OCaml, Perl, Perl POD, PHP, gettext Portable Object, Puppet, Python, Racket,
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reStructuredText, Ruby, Rust, SASS/SCSS, Scala, Slim, Tcl, TeX, Texinfo, Twig,
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TypeScript, Vala, Verilog, VHDL, VimL, xHtml, XML, XSLT, YACC, YAML, z80, Zope
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page templates, zsh.
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Below is a screenshot showing the methods that Syntastic uses to display syntax
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errors. Note that, in practise, you will only have a subset of these methods
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enabled.
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![Screenshot 1][0]
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1. Errors are loaded into the location list for the corresponding window.
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2. When the cursor is on a line containing an error, the error message is echoed in the command window.
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3. Signs are placed beside lines with errors - note that warnings are displayed in a different color.
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4. There is a configurable statusline flag you can include in your statusline config.
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5. Hover the mouse over a line containing an error and the error message is displayed as a balloon.
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6. (not shown) Highlighting errors with syntax highlighting. Erroneous parts of lines can be highlighted.
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<a name="installation"></a>
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## 2\. Installation
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Installing syntastic is easy but first you need to have the pathogen plugin installed. If you already
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have pathogen working then skip Step 1 and go to Step 2.
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<a name="step1"></a>
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### 2.1\. Step 1: Install pathogen.vim
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First I'll show you how to install tpope's [pathogen.vim][1] so that it's
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easy to install syntastic. Do this in your Terminal so that you get the
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pathogen.vim file and the directories it needs:
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mkdir -p ~/.vim/autoload ~/.vim/bundle; \
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curl -so ~/.vim/autoload/pathogen.vim \
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https://raw.github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen/master/autoload/pathogen.vim
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Next you *need to add this* to your ~/.vimrc:
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execute pathogen#infect()
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<a name="step2"></a>
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### 2.2\. Step 2: Install syntastic as a pathogen bundle
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You now have pathogen installed and can put syntastic into ~/.vim/bundle like this:
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cd ~/.vim/bundle
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git clone https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic.git
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Quit vim and start it back up to reload it, then type:
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:Helptags
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If you get an error when you do this, then you probably didn't install pathogen right. Go back to
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step 1 and make sure you did the following:
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1. Created both the ~/.vim/autoload and ~/.vim/bundle directories.
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2. Added the "call pathogen#infect()" line to your ~/.vimrc file
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3. Did the git clone of syntastic inside ~/.vim/bundle
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4. Have permissions to access all of these directories.
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<a name="faq"></a>
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## 3\. FAQ
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__Q. I installed syntastic but it isn't reporting any errors...__
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A. The most likely reason is that none of the syntax checkers that it requires
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is installed. For example: python requires either `flake8`, `pyflakes`
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or `pylint` to be installed and in `$PATH`. To see which executables are
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supported, just look in `syntax_checkers/<filetype>/*.vim`. Note that aliases
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do not work; the actual executable must be available in your `$PATH`. Symbolic
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links are okay. You can see syntastic's idea of available checkers by running
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`:SyntasticInfo`.
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Another reason it could fail is that either the command line options or the
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error output for a syntax checker may have changed. In this case, make sure you
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have the latest version of the syntax checker installed. If it still fails then
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create an issue - or better yet, create a pull request.
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__Q. Recently some of my syntax checker options have stopped working...__
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A. The options are still there, they have just been renamed. Recently,
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almost all syntax checkers were refactored to use the new `makeprgBuild()`
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function. This made a lot of the old explicit options redundant - as they are
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now implied. The new implied options usually have slightly different names to
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the old options.
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e.g. Previously there was `g:syntastic_phpcs_conf`, now you must use
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`g:syntastic_php_phpcs_args`. This completely overrides the arguments of
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the checker, including any defaults, so you may need to look up the default
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arguments of the checker and add these in.
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See `:help syntastic-checker-options` for more information.
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__Q. I run a checker and the location list is not updated...__
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A. By default, the location list is changed only when you run the `:Errors`
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command, in order to minimise conflicts with other plugins. If you want the
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location list to always be updated when you run the checkers, add this line to
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your vimrc:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_always_populate_loc_list=1
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```
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__Q. How can I pass additional arguments to a checker?__
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A. Almost all syntax checkers use the `makeprgBuild()` function. Those checkers
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that do can be configured using global variables. The general form of the
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global args variables are:
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```vim
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syntastic_<filetype>_<subchecker>_args
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```
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So, If you wanted to pass "--my --args --here" to the ruby mri checker you
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would add this line to your vimrc:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_ruby_mri_args="--my --args --here"
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```
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See `:help syntastic-checker-options` for more information.
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__Q. Syntastic supports several checkers for my filetype - how do I tell it
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which one(s) to use?__
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A. Stick a line like this in your vimrc:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_<filetype>_checkers=['<checker-name>']
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```
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To see the list of checkers for your filetype, look in
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`syntax_checkers/<filetype>/`.
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e.g. Python has the following checkers: `flake8`, `pyflakes`, `pylint` and a
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native `python` checker.
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To tell syntastic to use `pylint`, you would use this setting:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_python_checkers=['pylint']
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```
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Some filetypes, like PHP, have style checkers as well as syntax checkers. These
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can be chained together like this:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_php_checkers=['php', 'phpcs', 'phpmd']
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```
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This is telling syntastic to run the `php` checker first, and if no errors are
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found, run `phpcs`, and then `phpmd`.
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__Q. How can I jump between the different errors without using the location
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list at the bottom of the window?__
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A. Vim provides several built in commands for this. See `:help :lnext` and
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`:help :lprev`.
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If you use these commands a lot then you may want to add shortcut mappings to
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your vimrc, or install something like [unimpaired][2], which provides such
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mappings (among other things).
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__Q. A syntax checker is giving me unwanted/strange style tips?__
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A. Some filetypes (e.g. php) have style checkers as well as syntax
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checkers. You can usually configure the options that are passed to the style
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checkers, or just disable them. Take a look at the [wiki][3] to see what
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options are available.
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__Q. The error window is closed automatically when I :quit the current buffer
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but not when I :bdelete it?__
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A. There is no safe way to handle that situation automatically, but you can
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work around it:
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```vim
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nnoremap <silent> <C-d> :lclose<CR>:bdelete<CR>
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cabbrev <silent> bd lclose\|bdelete
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```
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<a name="otherresources"></a>
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## 4\. Other resources
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The preferred place for posting suggestions, reporting bugs, and general
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discussions related to syntastic is the [issue tracker at GitHub][4]. There
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are also a [google group][5], and a [syntastic tag at StackOverflow][6].
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Syntastic aims to provide a common interface to syntax checkers for as many
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languages as possible. For particular languages, there are, of course, other
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plugins that provide more functionality than syntastic. You might want to take
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a look at [jedi-vim][7], [python-mode][8], or [YouCompleteMe][9].
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[0]: https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic/raw/master/_assets/screenshot_1.png
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[1]: https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen
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[2]: https://github.com/tpope/vim-unimpaired
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[3]: https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic/wiki/Syntax-Checkers
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[4]: https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic/issues
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[5]: https://groups.google.com/group/vim-syntastic
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[6]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/syntastic
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[7]: https://github.com/davidhalter/jedi-vim
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[8]: https://github.com/klen/python-mode
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[9]: https://github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe
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